Mumbai | The rupee logged its steepest single-day fall in nearly two years and ended the session 66 paise down at its historic low of 86.70 against the US dollar on Monday, weighed down by a stronger American currency and surging crude oil prices.
At the interbank foreign exchange, the rupee opened at 86.12, and moved 1 paisa during intraday to 86.11 before closing the session with a loss of a staggering 66 paise at its lowest-ever level of 86.70 against the greenback.
The fall of 66 paise in one session was the steepest since February 6, 2023 when the unit had lost 68 paise.
The Indian currency has witnessed the deepest plunge of more than Re 1 in the past two weeks from the closing level of 85.52 on December 30.
Rupee had breached the 85-per-dollar mark for the first time on December 19, 2024.
On Friday, the local currency had declined 18 paise to settle at 86.04 against the US dollar, a day after registering a marginal gain of 5 paise. In the preceding back-to-back sessions on Tuesday and Wednesday, it had plunged 6 paise and 17 paise, respectively.
The unprecedented fall was attributed to the relentless chase of the US dollar by investors, which also led to a massive withdrawal of foreign capital from Indian equities.
Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) offloaded equities worth Rs 4,892.84 crore on Monday.
According to analysts, the Reserve Bank of India has allowed the fall in rupee's exchange rate versus US dollar amid dwindling forex reserves and declining emerging market currencies.
"RBI will allow the weakness as demand keeps moving up and supplies dwindle," said Anil Kumar Bhansali, Head of Treasury and Executive Director, Finrex Treasury Advisors LLP.
The Reserve Bank of India on Friday said the country's forex reserves dropped by USD 5.693 billion to USD 634.585 billion in the week ended January 3.
At the same time, the dollar strengthened on better-than-expected job growth in the US market, which also fuelled the rising benchmark treasury yields amid expectations of a slower interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve, analysts said.
Besides, the US has imposed more sanctions on Russia, resulting in Brent oil prices higher to USD 81 per barrel. This comes at a time when investors are already cautious in anticipation of restrictive trade measures by the new regime under President Donald Trump.
Anuj Choudhary, Research Analyst at Mirae Asset Sharekhan, said the rupee hit a fresh low on strong dollar and weak global markets. FIIs continue to remain as net sellers, while crude oil prices rose nearly 2 per cent.
Going ahead, Choudhary said, rising crude oil prices and risk aversion in global markets may weigh on the rupee. "USD-INR spot price is expected to trade in a range of 86.25 to 86.80," he said.
Meanwhile, the dollar index, which gauges the greenback's strength against a basket of six currencies, was trading up 0.24 per cent to its over two-year-high level of 109.91.
Brent crude, the global oil benchmark, surged 1.14 per cent to USD 80.67 per barrel in futures trade.
According to Jateen Trivedi, VP Research Analyst - Commodity and Currency, LKP Securities, the rupee marked its lowest level amid a rapid fall of over 1 per cent in the past week. The decline is attributed to higher crude prices, following sanctions on Russia by the Biden administration in the US.
"Elevated crude prices have further widened India's import bill, adding pressure on the rupee. The trading range for the rupee is seen with support near 87.00 and resistance around 86.25, as participants keep a close eye on geopolitical developments and commodity trends," Trivedi added.
In the domestic equity market, the 30-share BSE Sensex crashed 1,048.90 points, or 1.36 per cent, to settle at 76,330.01 points, while the Nifty tanked 345.55 points, or 1.47 per cent, to 23,085.95 points.
On the domestic macroeconomic front, retail inflation eased to 5.22 per cent in December, from 5.5 per cent in November, 2024.
The industrial production (IIP) growth accelerated to a six-month high of 5.2 per cent year-on-year in November 2024, riding on the increased festive demand and pick-up in the manufacturing sector.
New Delhi | The BJP on Monday said the rupee is among the "most stable" currencies in the world and slammed the Congress for painting a "grim picture" of the fall in its value against the US dollar.
India's improved external position, reduced current-account deficit and strong foreign exchange reserves have made the rupee one of the most stable currencies globally, BJP's IT cell head Amit Malviya said in a post on X.
Over the last year, the rupee depreciated by a modest 3.68 per cent, outperforming major currencies like the Japanese Yen and Korean Won, which fell by 9 per cent to 12 per cent during the same period, even as the US Dollar Index surged by 9.8 per cent, Malviya said.
"So, the next time someone paints a grim picture of the Indian rupee, remind them of its disastrous performance under the UPA and the remarkable turnaround under the Modi government," he added.
The reaction of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader came after the Congress took a swipe at Prime Minister Narendra Modi over the fall in the rupee's value and said as the fall continues, he has clearly been "hoist with his own petard".
The rupee logged its steepest fall in nearly two years, plunging 55 paise to hit a historic low of 86.59 against the US dollar during mid-session on Monday due to the strengthening of the American currency and surging crude oil prices.
Reacting sharply, Congress general secretary Jairam Ramesh said in a post on X: "When Mr Narendra Modi took over as PM he was about to turn 64 and the rupee was at 58.58 to the dollar. He waxed eloquent on making the rupee stronger and mockingly linked its fall to his predecessor's age."
Malviya hit back and said, "The rupee today stands among the most stable currencies in the world -- and that is no coincidence."
"Contrast this stability under the Modi government with the turmoil under the UPA government, when the rupee was in a free fall, depreciating by 36 per cent between 2011 and 2013," he added.
The BJP leader claimed that back then, "reckless" external borrowing, growing at more than 21 per cent annually, left the rupee "highly vulnerable".
Under the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government, external debt growth has been restrained to just 4.5 per cent annually, ensuring "greater resilience", he added.
Malviya further said when the US Federal Reserve signalled tapering in 2013, the rupee plummeted by 14.9 per cent in just four months, exposing the "policy paralysis" of the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA).
In contrast, after a similar tapering announcement in 2021, the rupee declined by only 0.7 per cent over four months, reflecting India's "strong economic foundations" today, he added.
"While the dollar remains strong and most currencies are under pressure, the rupee has fared far better than many. Against non-dollar currencies like the Euro and Canadian Dollar, it has even strengthened -- a scenario unheard of in 2013," Malviya said.
Despite ongoing geopolitical tensions and high US interest rates, India has avoided any "currency crisis", he said, adding that "this resilience is a testament to prudent economic management and robust fundamentals".
