Navigating Polar Frontiers
Dr Anu Gopinath | VK Sanju
In the quest for new resources, humanity has set its sights beyond Earth, exploring possibilities on the Moon and Mars. However, there are untapped treasures right here on our planet, at the North and South Poles—an often overlooked source of natural wealth. Dr Anu Gopinath, Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Aquatic Environment Management at the Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), is an integral part of India's exploration of these polar regions.
While global concerns about polar ice melting due to climate change are widespread, the thawing of millennia-old ice presents new opportunities. Dr Anu Gopinath, selected at the national level to design UGC courses on the Arctic, sheds light on India's role in exploring these avenues, specifically in the context of the Arctic region.
India's Polar Explorations:
India's foray into polar exploration began with the establishment of the Dakshin Gangotri research station in Antarctica in 1983. Dr Anu Gopinath notes that while South Pole explorations became a permanent fixture, studies in the North Pole only commenced in 2007. The establishment of the India Arctic Research Center named Himadri in 2008 marked a sustained effort in conducting explorations and research studies each year.
India's Arctic Policy:
The year 2022 marked a significant milestone with the formulation of India's Arctic policy by the central government. Dr Anu Gopinath underscores that India's interest extends beyond research, encompassing economic, military, and strategic dimensions. The policy acknowledges the potential impact of melting ice on the Arctic region, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach.
Geopolitics in the Arctic Region:
India's interest in global shipping routes to the Arctic is not merely academic; it is a strategic imperative. Dr Anu Gopinath explains the geopolitical significance for countries like India, emphasizing the importance of avoiding hegemonic influence by other nations in determining Arctic routes.
Industrial Potential and Economic Impact:
Beyond geopolitical considerations, Dr Anu Gopinath highlights the untapped industrial potential in the polar regions. The economic implications for India, particularly in entrepreneurship, shipping, maritime activities, and climate studies, are substantial. Research endeavors in this field position India strategically for future investments.
Arctic Studies at University Level:
In addition to research interests, India has a strategic commitment to Arctic studies. The Ministry of Earth Sciences has allocated funds to initiate new courses based on the Arctic region, aligning with the National Education Policy. These UG and PG courses, scheduled to commence in July, reflect India's dedication to fostering expertise in polar studies.
Mysteries in the Pole:
Dr Anu Gopinath delves into the environmental consequences of polar ice melt, particularly the release of greenhouse gases such as methane. The study also examines the impact of petroleum compounds mixing with seawater. Ongoing research involves collecting air, water, and sediment samples, comparing findings with international studies, and conducting detailed analyses upon shipping them to India.
Research and Teaching Journey:
Dr Anu Gopinath's journey spans from teaching at St. Teresa's College to her current role at KUFOS. Overcoming limitations in research facilities at college-levels, the transition to KUFOS has allowed for more extensive use of university-level resources and research funding. Beyond Arctic studies, Dr Anu Gopinath remains involved in various research projects, including collaborations with ISRO, showcasing the multifaceted nature of her contributions.
As a researcher, educator, and advocate for India's Arctic pursuits, Dr Anu Gopinath exemplifies the nation's commitment to exploring polar frontiers for both scientific knowledge and strategic advantage.